生物炭和海藻酸盐复合材料吸附水体重金属的进展

Progress in the Adsorption of Heavy Metals in Water by Biochar and Alginate Composite Materials

水环境中重金属离子的主要去除方法有:离子交换、化学沉淀、混(絮)凝、膜滤、电化学和吸附法等,其中吸附法因简单易操作等特点被广泛应用,在吸附法中研发出高效绿色、低价的吸附剂则是研究的热点问题。基于此,对海藻酸盐和生物炭复合材料去除水环境中重金属离子的研究现状进行了论述,讨论了pH值、吸附剂用量、温度等因素对吸附过程的影响;同时还对吸附过程中的机理进行了叙述,评述了生物炭和海藻酸盐基材料去除重金属的未来期许。

The main methods for removing heavy metal ions in water environments include ion exchange,chemical precipitation,flocculation,membrane filtration,electrochemistry,and adsorption.Among them,adsorption methods are widely used due to their simplicity and ease of operation.The development of efficient,green,and low-cost adsorbents in adsorption methods is a hot research topic.Based on this,the research status of using alginate and biochar composite materials to remove heavy metal ions from water environments was discussed,and the influence of factors such as pH value,adsorbent dosage,and temperature on the adsorption process was discussed.At the same time,the mechanism of adsorption process was described,and the future prospects of using biochar and alginate based materials to remove heavy metals were evaluated.