黑龙江省水资源绿色效率时空演变及影响因素分析

Calculation of Green Water Resources Efficiency in Heilongjiang Province and Analysis of Spatial-temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors

水资源绿色效率研究对于践行绿色发展观、实现水资源高效利用具有重要意义.利用SBM(slack based measure)模型测算了2003~2018年黑龙江省水资源绿色效率并进行时空演变分析,同时利用空间自相关法进行水资源绿色效率的空间聚集性研究,最后进行投入和产出变量调整情景模拟和水资源绿色效率的影响因素分析.研究发现:黑龙江省平均水资源绿色效率处于较低水平,但总体呈波动上升的趋势;黑龙江省南部水资源绿色效率上升幅度较大,北部地区效率也有所提升,东部和西部地区效率相对较低且变化不大;黑龙江省水资源绿色效率具有空间聚集性特征,高高聚集和低低聚集分别位于南部和西部地区,低高聚集分布在东部地区;用水量、劳动力、固定资产投资和灰水足迹对水资源绿色效率为负向影响,GDP和社会综合指数则对水资源绿色效率提升具有积极作用,不同地区的主要影响因素也存在差异.通过研究水资源绿色效率对社会环境和相关政策变化的动态响应及其影响因素,有利于加强区域水资源管理和优化水资源利用方式,进一步推动黑龙江省可持续发展.

Calculating the green water resources efficiency is of significance for achieving the green development concept and the water resources efficient utilization.We measured the green water resources efficiency in Heilongjiang Province from 2003 to 2018 and analyzed the spatial-temporal evolution using the slack based measure(SBM)model.And the spatial aggregation of the green water resources efficiency through the spatial autocorrelation method.The influencing factors were analyzed by adjusting scenario simulation of input and output variables.The results show that the average green water resources efficiency in Heilongjiang Province is at a low level,but it shows a fluctuating upward trend.The green water resources efficiency in the southern part of Heilongjiang Province has increased greatly,and the efficiency in the northern region has also increased.The efficiency in the eastern and western regions is relatively low and has not changed much.The green water resources efficiency has the characteristics of spatial aggregation.High-high aggregation and low-low aggregation are located in the southern and western regions,respectively,and low-high aggregation is distributed in the eastern region.Water consumption,labor,fixed asset investment and grey water footprint have a negative impact on the green water resources efficiency,while GDP and social comprehensive index play a positive role,and the main influencing factors in different regions are also different.The finding can be used to strengthen regional water resources management and optimize water resources utilization,and further promote the sustainable development of Heilongjiang Province.