中国社区中老年人衰弱与慢性肺疾病发生的关联:一项基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据的纵向研究

Association Between Frailty and Incidence of Chronic Lung Disease Among Middle-Aged and Elderly People in Chinese Community:A Longitudinal Study Based on CHARLS Data

目的了解中国中老年人群衰弱现状,探讨其与慢性肺疾病(chronic lung disease,CLD)发生的相关性。方法使用中国健康与养老追踪调查2011年与2018年数据,纳入2073名45岁及以上的中老年人。采用身体衰弱表型量表(physical frailty phenotype,PFP)评估受试者的衰弱状态,人群被分为无衰弱、衰弱前状态和衰弱状态3组。该研究的结局变量是CLD的发生率。采用加权Cox比例风险回归模型分析衰弱表型与CLD风险之间的关联。结果共有127名(6.13%)受试者患有CLD。无衰弱、衰弱前期和衰弱组的CLD累积发病率分别为5.05%(14/277)、5.63%(87/1544)和10.32%(26/252)。与无衰弱组相比,衰弱组患有CLD风险较高[HR:2.09,95%CI(1.09,4.01),P<0.05]。结论在中国社区中老年人群中,衰弱状态与CLD发病风险之间存在关联;提示医务人员应加强对中老年人的衰弱评估,尽早采取有针对性的干预措施,降低CLD的发病率。

Objective To understand the occurrence of frailty in the middle-aged and elderly population in China,and to explore the correlation between frailty and the incidence of chronic lung disease(CLD).Methods The data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2018 was used to select 2073 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and over.The Physical Frailty Phenotype(PFP)scale was used to assess the frailty status of the subjects,and the population was categorized into three groups:no frailty,pre-frailty status,and frailty status.The outcome variable of the study was the incidence rate of CLD.Weighted Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the association between the frailty phenotype and the risk of CLD.Results A total of 127(6.13%)subjects suffered from CLD.The cumulative prevalence of CLD in the no-frailty,pre-frailty,and frailty groups was 5.05%(14/277),5.63%(87/1544),and 10.32%(26/252),respectively.Compared with the no-frailty group,the frailty group had a higher risk of developing CLD[HR:2.09,95%CI(1.09,4.01),P<0.05].Conclusions There is association between frailty status and risk of developing CLD in the middle-aged and elderly population in the Chinese community.It is suggested that the healthcare personnel should strengthen the frailty assessment for the middle-aged and elderly and take intervention measures as early as possible to reduce the incidence of CLD.