“老漂族”孤独感现状及影响因素分析

Status Quo of Loneliness Among Elderly Migrants Following Children and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解“老漂族”孤独感现状及其影响因素,为促进其心理健康提供理论依据。方法2023年4~7月,目的抽样法选取湖南省长沙市298名“老漂族”为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校孤独感量表、社会支持评定量表和心理弹性量表对其进行调查。结果“老漂族”孤独感得分为(37.06±8.88)分,自我报告睡眠状况、社会组织活动参与频率、异地医疗满意度、心理弹性和社会支持是“老漂族”孤独感的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论“老漂族”孤独感处于中等水平,建议特别关注睡眠状况不佳、社会组织活动参与度低、异地医疗满意度不高、心理弹性较低以及社会支持不足者,采取综合性措施以降低其孤独感。

Objective To investigate the status quo of loneliness among elderly migrants following their children and its influencing factors,and to provide theoretical support for promoting their mental health.Methods Purposive sampling method was used to select 298 elderly migrants following their children in Changsha City,Hunan Province from April to July in 2023 as study subjects.General information questionnaire,University of California at Los Angeles-Loneliness Scale,Social Support Rating Scale and Resilience Scale were used to conduct the survey.Results The loneliness score of the elderly migrants following their children was 37.06±8.88.Self-reported sleep condition,frequency of participation in social activities,satisfaction with cross-municipal medical care,resilience and social support were influencing factors of loneliness(all P<0.05).Conclusions The loneliness of the elderly migrants following their children is at a medium level.It is recommended that special attention be paid to those who have poor sleep,little participation in socially organized activities,low satisfaction with cross-municipal medical care,low resilience and insufficient social support.Comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce their sense of loneliness.