返乡女性、非物质文化遗产产业化与乡村振兴:基于贵州省台江县“妈妈制造”的实践

Female Returnees,Industrialization of Intangible Cultural Heritage and Rural Revitalization:A Case Study of the“Mothers’Production”Public Welfare Project in Taijiang County,Guizhou Province

解决我国返乡女性的再就业是实施乡村振兴战略的基础,返乡女性的再就业既是回流地社会和谐发展的需要,也是促进回流地经济发展的需要。在梳理贵州省台江县非物质文化遗产产业化发展历程的基础上,对该地由公益项目“妈妈制造”支持且主要为返乡女性参与的苗绣产业进行实地调研,分析“妈妈制造”对返乡女性的收入获得、家庭照顾、文化自信、地方事务参与等方面的积极效应。同时厘清返乡女性与“妈妈制造”对推进乡村的社会经济文化发展所起作用,以期提供返乡女性群体与非物质文化遗产产业两者联结助力乡村振兴的可参考经验。

Addressing the re-employment problem for women returning to their hometowns in China is fundamental to imple-ment the strategy of rural vitalization.The re-employment for female returnees is essential for promoting the harmonious develop-ment of local society and the local economic development in their hometowns.By reviewing the development history of intangi-ble cultural heritage industrialization in Taijiang County,Guizhou Province,we have conducted field research on the Miao em-broidery industry supported by the public welfare program“Mothers’Production”,which mainly involves female returnees in this area.After sorting out the positive effects of“Mothers’Production”on female returnees’income,family care,participation in local affairs,cultural self-confidence,etc.,we clarify the role of female returnees and“Mothers’Production”in promoting the social economy and cultural development of rural areas,aiming to provide a referential experience for linking the group of fe-male returnees and the intangible cultural heritage industry to support rural revitalization.