玻璃纤维增强热固性复合材料的回收利用

Research Progress on Recycling of Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Composites

玻璃纤维增强热固性聚合物复合材料(GFRP)在各种工业领域中被广泛应用,其优异的力学性能和耐腐蚀性使其成为替代传统材料的理想选择。目前,全球聚合物复合材料年产量超过1600万t,并以约8%的年增长率不断增加。然而,GFRP的废弃物处理一直是一个挑战,因为热固性基体难以降解且复合材料很难进行有效的回收利用。据统计,仅有不到10%的废料得到回收利用,特别是在风电行业,废弃叶片的回收面临巨大挑战。随着风电设备的装机容量不断增加,风电叶片的回收需求迫在眉睫。目前,机械粉碎虽然是主要的回收工艺,但化学回收和热解回收处理后的纤维质量较高而显示出更大的潜在优势。然而,各种工艺的需求尚未得到充分的解释,影响了经济价值及工艺可行性评估。总结了玻璃纤维增强热固性聚合物复合材料的化学回收和热解回收利用方法,并讨论了相关挑战和未来发展趋势,旨在推动GFRP废弃物的有效处理和资源化利用。

Glass fiber reinforced thermoset polymer composites(GFRP)are widely used in various industrial fields,and their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance make them an ideal alternative to traditional materials.At present,the global annual production of polymer composites exceeds 16 million tons and is increasing at an annual growth rate of about 8%.However,waste disposal of GFRP has been a challenge because the thermoset matrix is difficult to degrade and the composite material is difficult to recycle effectively.According to statistics,only less than 10%of waste is recycled,especially in the wind power industry,and the recycling of waste blades faces great challenges.With the increasing installed capacity of wind power equipment,there is an urgent demand in the recycling of wind power blades.At present,although mechanical grinding is the main recovery process,the fiber quality after chemical recovery and pyrolysis recovery treatment shows greater potential advantages.However,the needs of the various processes have not been fully explained,affecting the economic value and process feasibility assessment.The chemical and pyrolytic recycling methods for glass fiber reinforced thermoset polymer composites are summarized,and related challenges and future trends are discussed to promote effective treatment and resource utilization of GFRP waste.