患者医疗信息保护与利用中存在的问题与策略

Study on the Problems and Countermeasures to Protection and Utilization of Patients'Medical Information

目的:通过探讨患者医疗信息保护与利用过程中存在的问题,进而从卫生管理视角提出相应策略,旨在促进患者健康水平不断提升。方法:运用问卷调研法,随机选择山东、山西和宁夏经济水平不等的2~4个城市医院患者和相关专家进行调研,通过线下线上方式发放问卷4220份,有效回收率96.4%;在每家医院随机选择两名卫生事业管理、信息管理、法学等领域的专家进行现场、电话或电子邮件访谈。结果:不同省份和不同医院级别患者(家属)对医院患者隐私保护制度知晓情况、对患者医疗信息的所有者的认知差异、患者医疗信息泄漏情况的差异等具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:当前在患者医疗信息保护与利用方面存在着信息安全隐患、隐私泄露风险、管理不规范等诸多问题。基于此,本文提出普及政策、建立健全管理体系、完善患者权益保障制度和实施数据分级分类管制等策略。

Objective To explore the problems in the protection and utilization of patient medical information,and propose re-sponse strategies from the perspective of health management,in order to promote the continuous improvement of patients'health.Methods Patients and experts were randomly selected from 2~4 cities with varying economic levels in Shandong,Shanxi,and Ningxia to survey with questionnaires.And two experts in fields as health management,information management and law were ran-domly selected from each hospital,and surveyed with on-site,telephone,or email interviews.Results There had significant dfferences of the awareness of the hospitals patient privacy protection system,their perception of the owner of patient medical in-formation,and patient medical information leakage in patients(family members)from different provinces and hospital levels(P<0.05).Conclusion There are many problems in the protection and utilization of patient medical information,such as information security risks,privacy leakage risks,and non-standard management.Based on which,some countermeasures were put forward,mainly as popularizing policies,establishing and improving management systems,perfecting patient rights protection systems,and implementing data classification and control.