碱溶液浸种对花椒种子发芽的影响

Effect of Seed Soaking in Alkali Solution on Seed Germination of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

为确定不同碱溶液类型、不同浓度和不同浸种时间对花椒种子发芽的影响,采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交设计开展试验,观测发芽动态,统计种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和平均发芽时间。结果显示,9个处理组合的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和平均发芽时间分别为24.67%~41.67%、15.00%~33.33%、0.33~1.27粒·d^(-1)和115.73~132.90 d,对照分别为35.33%、16.67%、0.7粒·d^(-1)和130.33 d,9个处理组合间具有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)差异,其中0.5%的Na_(2)CO_(3)溶液浸种4 h的发芽性状(指标)最优。影响花椒种子发芽率、发芽指数和平均发芽时间的主导因子是碱溶液类型,影响发芽势的主导因子是浸种时间;Na_(2)CO_(3)溶液浸种的发芽性状显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)地优于K_(2)CO_(3)和NaOH。碱溶液浸种有益于花椒种子发芽,0.5%的Na_(2)CO_(3)溶液浸种4 h可作为提高花椒种子发芽性状的措施应用于实践中。

In order to confirm the effects of different types of alkaline solutions involved their concentrations and soaking time on the germination of Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds,the L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal design was employed to conduct the trial,involved to observe germination dynamics,count germination rates(GRs),germination potentials(GPs),germination indices(GIs)and mean germination times(MGTs).The GRs,GPs,GIs and MGTs of the 9 treatment combinations(TCs)for the trial were 24.67%-41.67%,15.00%-33.33%,0.33-1.27 seeds·d^(-1)and 115.73-132.90-day,which of the ck were 35.33%,16.67%,0.7 seeds·d^(-1)and 130.33-day,respectively,and there were significant differences(P<0.05 or P<0.01)between the TCs.Among the all TCs,soaking the seed in the 0.5%Na_(2)CO_(3)solution for 4 hours had the best germination trait.The dominant factor affecting the GR,GI and MGT were the type of alkaline solution,while the dominant factor affecting the GP was the soaking time;the germination trait of seeds soaked in Na_(2)CO_(3)solution were significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01)better than those of the seeds soaking in K_(2)CO_(3)and NaOH solution.Alkaline solution soaking was beneficial for the germination of Z.bungeanum seeds,and soaking the seeds in a 0.5%Na_(2)CO_(3)solution for 4 hours could be applied as a measure to improve the germination trait of Z.bungeanum seeds in the practice.