认知叙述学之可能世界理论视野下的否叙述

The Disnarrated in the Perspective of the Theory of Possible Worlds in Cognitive Narrative

否叙述是经典叙述学较少关注的领域,原因在于它超越了故事/话语二分的框架。认知叙述学发展了可能世界理论在文学中的相应内涵和使用范围,也较之经典叙述学更好地处理了由否叙述所引发的问题。在认知叙述学视野下的可能世界理论框架中,根据否叙述对文本世界的影响性为区分标准,否叙述至少可分为两种类型:一种对文本世界干涉性较小,在文本中作为叙述技巧或情节模式出现;另一种是高度破坏文本世界稳定性的形式实验类型。

The disnarrated,a realm often paid less attention in classical narratology,the reason is that it surpasses the framework of its story/discourse dichotomy.However,cognitive narratology,has developed the corresponding connotations and scope of application of the theory of possible worlds in literature,compared to classical narratology,it also better dealed with the problems caused by negative narratives.This article summarizes the types of the disnarrated in literary texts based on the understanding of the theory of possible worlds in cognitive narratology,and analyzes their main roles in the textual world.