金属有机框架材料在环境污染物吸附上的应用进展

Progress in the Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks(MOFs)to the Adsorption of Environmental Pollutants

金属有机框架(MOFs)材料作为一种有机-无机杂化材料,有着极高的比表面积和多样化的晶体结构,其可调控的孔隙结构、表面功能化以及丰富的组成使其成为理想的吸附材料。分析了几种类型的MOFs在吸附方面的优势和不足,探讨了孔径、孔道结构、晶胞体积、比表面积、金属节点等晶体结构调控的重要性,并简述了几种合成方法,如水热/溶剂合成法、超声合成法、离子交换法。最后,总结了MOFs对农药残留物、重金属离子、放射性物质的吸附应用进展。

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as a kind of organic-inorganic hybrid materials,it has very large specific surface area and diversified crystal structure,and their adjustable pore structure,surface functionalization and rich compo‐sition make them ideal adsorption materials.In this paper,the advantages and disadvantages of several types of MOFs in ad‐sorption were analyzed,and the importance of crystal structure regulation such as pore size,pore structure,cell volume,specific surface area and metal nodes was discussed.Several synthesis methods,such as hydrothermal synthesis,ionic ther‐mal synthesis,ultrasonic synthesis and ion exchange method,were also briefly described.Finally,the application of MOFs to pesticide residues,heavy metal ions and radioactive substances were summarized.