传承先贤海外访求珍稀汉籍精神的表率——读吴存存教授《〈三才福〉校注》

Rediscovering Lost Chinese Classics:A Review of Professor Wu Cuncun’s Edition of Sancaifu(All Goes Well for Three Talented Friends)

近得吴存存教授惠赠《〈三才福〉校注》,《三才福》乃自俄国莫斯科“淘”回来的清代中期吴语昆曲传奇《三才福》孤本。2016年吴存存“出于好奇”,向莫斯科国家图书馆订购了《三才福》全部照片。此后吴存存付出大量精力校注梓刻出版,还多方考证《三才福》作者并探索其背后的平民意识。吴存存对《三才福》的整理与研究是学者海外访书的一个缩影,赓续先贤海外访书的传统。学人海外访书历史,可以粗浅地划分为两大阶段,就是20世纪20、30年代和改革开放以来。前一阶段以向达在英国、法国查抄敦煌文书和清代天主教史书为代表,后一阶段学者的访书脚步,踏遍西欧诸国、越南、俄罗斯、美国、澳大利亚等国。研究者海外搜寻珍稀汉籍具有重大意义,一方面开创中国学者的敦煌学研究,还令海洋史研讨别开生面,同时继续推进中国基督教史研治的进展,更能促进文学艺术史中民歌、戏曲研究深入开展。这些领域的研讨都涉及中外文化交流史,是全球史(世界史)不可忽视的内容。

This paper examines the significant contribution of Professor Wu Cuncun’s recent edition and annotation of Sancaifu(All Goes Well for Three Talented Friends),a mid-Qing Kunqu Chuanqi opera in Wu dialect.As the only known copy,retrieved from Russian State Library in Moscow in 2016,Sancaifu represents a valuable rediscovery of lost Chinese classical literature.We analyze Wu’s meticulous editing process,her investigation into the opera’s authorship,and her exploration of its underlying civilian consciousness.This work is contextualized within the broader history of overseas rediscovery of Chinese classics,which we divide into two main periods:the 1920s-1930s and the post-reform era.The paper highlights how Wu’s work continues the tradition of scholars like Xiang Da(向达),who pioneered the study of Dunhuang documents in Europe and the Catholic historical texts from the Qing Dynasty in the former stage.In the latter stage,contemporary scholars have expanded this field,conducting research in Western Europe,Vietnam,Russia,the United States,and Australia.The author argues that such overseas rediscoveries have profound implications for Chinese studies,including initiating new fields like Dunhuang studies;advancing maritime history research;enhancing the study of Christianity in China;deepening understanding of folk literature and opera.These efforts are not only essential to understanding China’s cultural exchanges with the world but also provide crucial insights into global history.