尹耕边塞诗考论

A Textual Research on Yin Geng’s Frontier Fortress Poems

尹耕是明代边塞诗创作成就最高的作者。他生长边陲,通知边事,洞悉嘉靖朝内忧外患,使爱国主题重回边塞诗苑。尹耕仕途坷坎,两遭弃置贬谪的经历,又促成其边塞诗具有鲜明的谪戍诗特征。尹耕诗学李梦阳而得其风骨,善于突破现实时空,在整个陆地三边的广阔背景下驰骋诗思,视通万里,思接千载,创造出凄楚苍茫的诗境,表达对边事的忧患情思。《秋兴》《上谷》《春怀》等名篇被认为得少陵《诸将》遗意,读之如晓角秋笳,听者凄楚,有河朔侠烈之风。然其后期得宰臣严嵩赏识,遭弃置遣戍辽左,后赍志以殁。

Yin Geng(尹耕1515 AD-1574 AD),a prominent poet of the Ming Dynasty(1368 AD-1644 AD),is considered the most accomplished writer of frontier poems during his time.Having grown up in the border regions,Yin Geng was intimately familiar with frontier affairs and the internal and external challenges faced by the Jiajing Court.His works infused frontier poetry with a renewed sense of patriotism.However,his troubled political career,marked by relegation,imbued his frontier poems with unique themes of exile and military garrison life.Drawing inspiration from Li Mengyang(李梦阳),Yin Geng excelled at transcending the constraints of time and space in his poetry.He masterfully depicted the vast landscapes of the frontier,traversing thousands of miles and reflecting on the course of history,thus creating a desolate yet evocative poetic world filled with his concerns about border conflicts.His well-known works,including Qiuxing(《秋兴》),Shanggu(《上谷》),and Chunhuai(《春怀》),carry the legacy of Du Fu’s Zhujiang(《诸将》).The sorrowful tone of these poems evokes the sound of horns at dawn and the autumn winds in Jia,stirring a profound sense of the warrior spirit of Heshuo(i.e.north of the Yellow River).Despite being later recognized by the powerful minister Yan Song(严嵩)and appointed to garrison Liaozuo(i.e.Liaodong),Yin Geng died without fulfilling his ambitions.