西藏农田入侵植物种类及防控策略

Invasive Plant Species and Control Strategies in Farmland of Tibet

经过深入野外考察、研究和文献搜集,对西藏外来入侵植物的种类构成、分布范围、起源地、生态习性进行了全面的统计分析。结果表明,通过野外考察和标本收集,收集到西藏外来入侵植物共有28科66属77种,均属被子植物。从入侵植物的分类上看,大部分是世界性广泛分布的入侵植物,如草木犀、一年蓬、秋英等物种,但同时一些恶性的入侵植物,如野燕麦、曼陀罗、印加孔雀草等已在西藏扩散蔓延,有的已经在西藏局部地区成为了优势种群。调研结果表明,外来入侵植物能够长时间在西藏存在,而且正在扩散蔓延。该研究为相关部门开展防治工作提供依据。

After conducting an in-depth field survey,research,and literature collection,a comprehensive statistical analysis was carried out on the species composition,distribution range,origin sites,and ecological behaviors of invasive alien plants in Tibet.The results revealed that a total of 28 families,66 genera,and 77 species of invasive alien plants were identified in Tibet through field surveys and specimen collection.All these plants belong to the angiosperms.In terms of classification,most invasive plants are globally distributed invasive species,such as Melilotus suaveolens,Sor⁃ghum bicolor,and Cosmos bipinnatus.However,there are also some harmful invasive plants such as wild oats,Datura stramonium,and Taraxacum officinale that have spread extensively in certain regions of Tibet and become dominant populations there.These findings suggest that invasive alien plants can persist for a long time in Tibet while spreading and disseminating further.This provides evidence for relevant departments to implement prevention and control measures.