中性粒细胞胞外陷阱作为靶点治疗类风湿关节炎的研究进展

Research progress on neutrophil extracellular traps as targets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

类风湿关节炎(RA)是一种复杂的自身免疫性疾病,现有治疗手段虽能缓解症状,但长期使用副作用明显。近年来,中性粒细胞胞外陷阱(NETs)作为RA病理过程中的关键因素受广泛关注。NETs由活化的中性粒细胞释放,含有DNA和抗菌蛋白,不仅参与免疫防御,还通过多种机制加剧RA的病理进展。调控肽基精氨酸脱亚胺酶4、活性氧生成及脱氧核糖核酸酶等可减少NETs的形成和积累,促进NETs清除。这些方法在实验和动物模型中展现良好前景,但临床应用仍需进一步研究验证。随着基因编辑和纳米医学发展,NETs有望为RA的精准治疗提供新的解决方案,改善患者预后和生活质量。深入研究NETs在RA中的作用机制有助于开发新的治疗策略,为RA患者提供更有效的治疗手段。

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a complex autoimmune disease,and although existing treatment methods can alleviate symptoms,long-term use has significant side effects.In recent years,neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)have received widespread attention as a key factor in pathological process of RA.NETs are released by activated neutrophils and contain DNA and antibacterial proteins.They not only participate in immune defense,but also exacerbate pathological progression of RA through various mechanisms.Regulating peptidyl arginine deiminase 4,reactive oxygen species generation,and deoxyribonuclease can reduce formation and accumulation of NETs and promote NETs clearance.These methods have shown promising prospects in experiments and animal models,but further research and validation are needed for clinical application.With the development of gene editing and nanomedicine,NETs are expected to provide new solutions for precision treatment of RA,improving patient prognosis and quality of life.In depth study of the mechanism of action of NETs in RA can help develop new treatment strategies and provide more effective treatment options for RA patients.