压疮风险预警护理在老年急性心肌梗死患者中的应用

Application of pressure ulcer risk warning nursing in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的探讨压疮风险预警护理在老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者中的应用。方法选取98例老年AMI患者,按照随机数字表法分为压疮风险预警组和常规组,每组49例。常规组给予常规护理干预,压疮风险预警组在常规组基础上给予压疮风险预警护理干预。干预后,比较两组压疮发生情况、家属对压疮知识掌握情况、心境状态、自我效能和生活质量。结果干预期间,压疮风险预警组压疮总发生率为8.16%,低于常规组的30.61%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,压疮风险预警组家属对压疮知识掌握优良率为93.88%,高于常规组的73.74%(P<0.05);干预后,压疮风险预警组HAMD评分和HAMA评分均低于常规组,GSES评分和SF-36评分均高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论压疮风险预警护理用于老年AMI压疮患者中,可降低压疮的发生率,提升患者家属对压疮知识掌握程度,调节患者负性心境状态,提高患者自我效能感,进而提升患者的生活质量。

Objective To explore the preventive effect of risk warning nursing on pressure ulcer in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods 98 elderly AMI patients were selected and randomly divided into the pressure ulcer risk warning group and common group using a random number table method,with 49 cases in each group.The common group were received routine nursing intervention,while the pressure ulcer risk warning group were received pressure ulcer risk warning nursing intervention on the basis of the routine group.After intervention,the incidence of pressure ulcers,family members′mastery of pressure ulcer knowledge,mood status,self-efficacy,and quality of life were compared between two groups.Results During the intervention period,the total incidence of pressure ulcers in the pressure ulcer risk warning group was 8.16%,which was lower than the 30.61%in the common group,showing a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).After intervention,the excellent rate of family members in the pressure ulcer risk warning group in mastering pressure ulcer knowledge was 93.88%,which was higher than 73.74%in the common group(P<0.05).After intervention,the HAMD and HAMA scores in the pressure ulcer risk warning group were lower than those in the conventional group,while the GSES and SF-36 scores in the pressure ulcer risk warning group were higher than those in the common group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of pressure ulcer risk warning nursing in elderly AMI pressure ulcer patients can reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers,improve the mastery of pressure ulcer knowledge by patient families,regulate the negative mood state of patients,improve their self-efficacy,and ultimately improve their quality of life.