宁波市二级及以上医疗机构2019-2021年儿童住院患者疾病统计分析

Diseases Statistical Analysis of Pediatric Inpatients in Secondary and Above Medical Institutions in Ningbo from 2019 to 2021

目的统计分析宁波市二级及以上医疗机构2019—2021年儿童住院病例疾病构成情况,旨在为疾病监测、疾病预防提供数据支持,为区域卫生规划和医疗保障等部门政策的制定提供参考依据。方法从浙江卫生健康信息网络直报系统导出宁波市二级及以上医疗机构2019—2021年住院病例的年龄、性别、住院日期、主要诊断、主要诊断编码、离院方式等数据,采用SAS9.4软件对数据进行描述性统计分析。结果2019—2021年宁波市二级及以上医疗机构儿童住院患者累计出院169210例,男性多于女性(1.52∶1);不同年龄段分组结果显示,儿童患者住院人数随着年龄增长基本呈递增的趋势(Z=34.69,P<0.001)。学龄期出院病例最多,占比为25.85%;其次为学龄前期,占比为20.98%。呼吸系统疾病,起源于围生期的某些情况,泌尿生殖系统疾病,损伤、中毒和外因的某些其他后果和消化系统疾病位居疾病顺位前五,精神和行为障碍疾病是位次上升最快的疾病。结论呼吸系统疾病和起源于围生期的某些情况是宁波市儿童的主要疾病;肺炎、新生儿黄疸、损伤中毒、抑郁发作均为各系统的主要病种,严重威胁着儿童的生命健康,应根据疾病特征制定相应的防控措施。

Objective To analyze disease composition of pediatric inpatients in secondary and above medical institutions in Ningbo from 2019 to 2021 statistically,provide data support for disease monitoring and prevention,and reference basis for formulation of regional health planning and medical safety policies.Methods The paper exported data of age,gender,hospitalization date,main diagnosis,main diagnosis code,and discharge method of inpatient cases in second level and above medical institutions in Ningbo from 2019 to 2021 from the Zhejiang Health Information Network Direct Reporting System,and carried on descriptive statistical analysis with SAS9.4 software.Results There were 169210 pediatric inpatients in secondary and above medical institutions in Ningbo from 2019 to 2021 discharged,with more males than females(1.52:1).Grouping results of different age groups showed,number of pediatric inpatients had a basic increasing trend with age(Z=34.69,P<0.001).The school age group had the highest number of discharged cases,accounting for 25.85%,followed by pre-school age group,accounting for 20.98%.Top five diseases were respiratory system diseases,certain conditions originating from perinatal period,urogenital system diseases,other consequences of external factors of injuries,poisoning,and digestive system diseases.Mental and behavioral disorders had the fastest increase in ranking.Conclusion Respiratory system diseases and certain conditions originating from perinatal period are main diseases of children in Ningbo,pneumonia,neonatal jaundice,injury poisoning,and depressive episodes are main diseases of various systems,which threaten life and health of children seriously,it is necessary to formulate corresponding prevention and control measures based on characteristics of the diseases.