lncRNA在口腔癌诊疗及预后中的潜在价值研究进展

Research progress on potential value of lncRNA in diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of oral cancer

口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)是全球范围内最普遍的恶性肿瘤之一,总体预后较差,5年总生存率约为50%。早诊断、早治疗是提高治愈率、改善患者预后的基本方法。OSCC的早期诊断与治疗是一个长期困扰我们的问题。随着治疗技术的不断进步,我们从单纯的早期发现、治疗疾病转变到寻找疾病根本的病因即在基因层面寻找疾病的病因并进行疾病的治疗。人类基因转录组60%~70%由非编码RNA组成。非编码RNA虽然缺乏编码蛋白质及多肽的潜能,但可以通过调控基因表达参与人类正常生理活动。长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)被认为是基因调控的关键元件,在人类多种癌症发生发展中发挥着关键作用。越来越多的研究证实lncRNA与OSCC的发生和预后相关。本文综述了OSCC相关lncRNA的表达与临床影响的研究进展,旨在关注lncRNA参与OSCC癌变及进展的可能分子机制,探索lncRNA作为生物标志物对OSCC早期诊断、预后评估及治疗靶点的临床应用潜力。

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is one of the most common malignancies worldwide.The overall prognosis is poor,and the 5-year overall survival rate is about 50%.Early diagnosis and early treatment are the basic methods to improve the cure rate and prognosis of patients.The early diagnosis and treatment of OSCC has been a problem for a long time.With the continuous progress of treatment technology,we have changed from simple early detection and treatment of diseases to looking for the root cause of diseases,that is,looking for the causes of diseases at the gene level and treating diseases.A total of 60%-70%of the human genome transcriptome is composed of non-coding RNA.Although non-coding RNA lack the potential to encode proteins and peptides,they can participate in normal human physiological activities by regulating gene expression.Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)are considered to be key elements of gene regulation,and play a key role in the occurrence and development of various human cancers.More and more studies have confirmed that lncRNA is associated with the occurrence and prognosis of OSCC.This article reviews the research progress on the expression and clinical impact of OSCC related lncRNA,aiming to focus on the possible molecular mechanism of lncRNA's involvement in OSCC carcinogenesis and progression,and explore the potential clinical application of lncRNA as a biomarker for early diagnosis,prognosis assessment and treatment target of OSCC.