法国农业景观发展的历程、经验与启示

History,Experience and Inspiration of Agricultural Landscape Development in France

农业景观是三生空间有序组织、统筹谋划的复合整体,兼具多重价值,是塑造区域特色、实现生态文明、助力乡村振兴的重要载体。法国是研究农业景观的典型代表,自二战后在农业景观方面积累了成熟的规划建设管理经验,对我国农业景观发展极具借鉴意义。本文梳理了法国农业景观的发展历程和实践探索,并从法律政策保障、生态农业发展、景观工具和景观方法介入等角度进行经验剖析,在此基础上结合我国农业景观发展现状,从利用农业空间的景观性价值、增强法律法规和相关政策保障、创新农业景观规划技术方法体系以及完善农民参与模式等方面为我国农业景观规划提出了有益启示。

The agricultural landscape is a composite whole with orderly organization and integrated planning of the three living spaces,which has multiple values and is an important carrier for shaping regional characteristics,realising ecological civilisation and helping rural revitalization.France is a typical representative of agricultural landscape research,which has accumulated mature planning and construction management experience in agricultural landscape since World WarⅡ,and is very inspiring for the development of agricultural landscape in China.This paper compares the development history and practical exploration of agricultural landscape in France,and analyzes the experience from the perspectives of legal and policy protection,ecological agriculture development,landscape tools and landscape method interventions,etc.On the basis of this,and in line with the current situation of agricultural landscape development in China,it puts forward proposals for agricultural landscape planning in China from the perspectives of utilizing the landscape value of agricultural space,enhancing laws and regulations and relevant policy protection,innovating the technical and methodological system of agricultural landscape planning and improving the participation mode of farmers.