城市风貌“连贯性”的定量评估方法探索

Exploring Quantitative Assessment Method for Coherence of Urban Appearance

在城市风貌评估中,“连贯性”虽然被广泛提及,但是鲜有学者开展系统性研究或提出客观和定量的指标。为了填补该空白,本文首先回顾国际范围的理论和文献,建立对其概念、原理和内容的基本认知;其次基于卡利斯坎的形态计量学框架,进一步考虑房屋的建造特征,并使用定量和可视化方法计算连贯性指标——“统一度”和“邻近度”。案例分析显示,两个连贯性指标能够有效识别街区中房屋特征的共性和差异,其影响因素包括建筑类型、年代、布局和位置等方面。城市风貌“连贯性”的定量评估不但可以为保护和更新工作提供新的途径,还有助于提升规划和设计决策的效率和可靠性。

Although“coherence”has been widely mentioned in urban appearance assessment,few scholars have conducted systematic studies or proposed objective and quantitative indicators.To fill this gap,this paper first reviews the international theorie and literature to establish a basic understanding of its concepts,principles,and contents.Then,based on Caliskan’s morphometric framework,the building characteristics of the houses are further considered and the indicators of coherence,“consistency”and“proximity”,are calculated using quantitative and visual methods.The case studies show that the two“coherence”indicators effectively identified commonalities and differences among houses in the district,and find that the influencing factors include building type,age,layout,location,etc.The quantitative assessment of the“coherence”for urban appearance not only provides a new approach to conservation and renewal,but also helps to improve the efficiency and reliability of planning and design decisions.