呼伦贝尔市草原有害生物发生情况趋势预测及对策建议

Prediction and Countermeasures for the Occurrence and Control of Harmful Organisms in the Grasslands of Hulunbuir City

文章统计呼伦贝尔市2019—2023年草原有害生物发生情况,结果表明:呼伦贝尔市草原有害生物危害面积946.9万公顷,严重危害面积475.4万公顷,防治面积489.8万公顷。其中:草原鼠害危害面积863.1万公顷,严重危害面积440.7万公顷,防治面积459.8万公顷;草原虫害危害面积75.9万公顷,严重危害面积31.7万公顷,防治面积28.5万公顷;毒害草危害面积7.9万公顷,严重危害面积3.0万公顷,防治面积1.5万公顷。2024年全市鼠害预计危害面积45.2万公顷,与2023年相比呈下降趋势;草原虫害预计危害面积16.9万公顷,与2023年相比呈上升趋势。在此基础上,提出持续加大草原有害生物防治投入力度、大范围使用生物药剂防治草原有害生物、增加绿色防控比例等对策建议。

This article presents a statistical analysis of the occurrence of harmful organisms in the grasslands of Hulunbuir City from 2019 to 2023.The results indicate that the affected area by harmful organisms in the grasslands of Hulunbuir City is 9.469 million hectares,with a severely affected area of 4.754 million hectares,and a control area of 4.898 million hectares.Among these,the area affected by grassland rodent pests is 8.631 million hectares,with a severe affected area of 4.407 million hectares,and a control area of 4.598 million hectares;the area affected by grassland insect pests is 0.759 million hectares,with a severe affected area of 0.317 million hectares,and a control area of 0.285 million hectares;the area affected by poisonous plants is 0.079 million hectares,with a severe affected area of 0.030 million hectares,and a control area of 0.015 million hectares.It is projected that in 2024,the area affected by rodent pests in the city will be 0.452 million hectares,showing a downward trend compared to 2023;the area affected by insect pests is expected to be 0.169 million hectares,showing an upward trend compared to 2023.Based on this,countermeasures such as continuously increasing investment in the control of harmful organisms in grasslands,widely using biological agents for the control of harmful organisms in grasslands,and increasing the proportion of green control are proposed.