工作满意度与婚姻满意度在我国居民主观社会经济地位与抑郁症状间的链式中介作用

Chain mediating effects of job satisfaction and marital satisfaction between subjective socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms among Chinese residents

目的探讨我国居民主观社会经济地位、抑郁症状、工作满意度和婚姻满意度的中介效应关系。方法本研究运用中国家庭追踪调查2020年数据,使用流行病学调查中心抑郁量表(CESD-8)测量我国居民的抑郁症状;采用Pearson相关性分析验证相关性;构建中介效应模型,研究主观社会经济地位对我国居民抑郁症状影响的中介路径;采用潜在剖面类别研究我国居民工作满意度的异质性。结果本研究选取20~70岁且婚姻状况为已婚的居民作为研究对象,去除主要变量的缺失值和异常值后,最终获得5956个样本。工作满意度(β=-0.085,P<0.001)和婚姻满意度(β=-0.086,P<0.001)在主观社会经济地位和抑郁症状间的单独中介作用显著;工作满意度与婚姻满意度在主观社会经济地位和抑郁症状的链式中介作用显著(β=-0.020,P<0.001);我国居民工作满意度的潜在剖面分析可分为4组,分别命名为不满意组(10.5%),一般满意组(15.1%),比较满意组(54.9%)和非常满意组(19.5%)。结论主观社会经济地位不仅可以通过工作满意度和婚姻满意度的独立中介作用影响抑郁症状,还可以通过工作满意度、婚姻满意度的链式中介效应影响抑郁症状;我国居民工作满意度存在异质性。本研究有助于了解主观社会经济地位影响抑郁症状的内在机制,为改善、缓解抑郁症状提供理论参考依据。

Objective To explore the relationship between the mediating effects of subjective socioeconomic status,depressive symptoms,job satisfaction,and marital satisfaction among Chinese residents.Methods In this paper,the China Family Panel Survey 2020 data was selected to measure the depressive symptoms of Chinese residents using the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale(CESD-8);Pearson correlation analyses were used to validate the correlations;a mediation effect model was constructed to investigate the mediation path of the effect of subjective socioeconomic status on the depressive symptoms of Chinese residents;and latent profile categories were used to investigate the residents’job satisfaction heterogeneity.Results In this study,residents aged 20-70 years old and with married marital status were selected as the research subjects,and 5956 samples were finally obtained after removing the missing values and outliers of the main variables.The separate mediating effects of job satisfaction(β=-0.085,P<0.001)and marital satisfaction(β=-0.086,P<0.001)between subjective socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms were significant;the chain mediating effects of job satisfaction and marital satisfaction between subjective socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms were significant(β=-0.020,P<0.001).The latent profile analysis of job satisfaction of Chinese residents can be divided into four groups named dissatisfied group(10.5%),generally satisfied group(15.1%),more satisfied group(54.9%),and very satisfied group(19.5%).Conclusion Subjective socioeconomic status can affect depressive symptoms not only through the independent mediating effect of job satisfaction and marital satisfaction,but also through the chain mediating effect of job satisfaction and marital satisfaction;there is heterogeneity in job satisfaction among Chinese residents.This study helps to understand the internal mechanism of subjective socioeconomic status affecting depressive symptoms,and provides a theoretical reference basis for improving and alleviating depressive symptoms.