Earthquakes and Sustainable Infrastructure- Neodeterministic (NDSHA) Approach Guarantees Prevention Rather Than Cure

The reduction of seismic disaster risk hinges on the reliable assessment of seismic hazard.In the realm of seismic hazard assessment(SHA),there have historically been two methods:the probabilistic SHA(PSHA)and the deterministic SHA(DSHA)(Reiter,1990).Hazard is defined as inherent physical characteristic that poses potential threats to people,property,or environment.Within the context of seismic hazard,the main purpose of hazard analysis is to quantitatively assess ground shaking level at a site,through either DSHA or PSHA method.It is essential to quantitatively evaluate ground motion level at a target site.