基于组态视角下我国高等教育机会差异的解决路径分析

Analysis of the Solution Path on the Opportunity Difference for Higher Education in China from the Configuration Perspective

地区、家庭、个体对接受高等教育机会的影响多见于分散性不同因素研究,缺乏组态视角下的多因素耦合探索。因此,研究选用CFPS(2018)数据信息,结合质性比较分析方法,聚焦于“事物如何发生”,讨论地区、家庭和个人如何使高等教育成为可能。相关案例表明:影响因素间“多重并发”和“殊途同归”,具备纵向延伸、横向兼容、融合精耕的特点;变量条件间外部互替较难,内部互替较易;强化核心条件的引领作用,提升边缘条件的保障能力。需要在新思路、新方法下把握三者关系,平衡配比教育资源,这不仅是解决旧有教育问题的技术药方,亦是认识和协调社会深层矛盾的方向。

The influence of region,family,and individual on higher education opportunities is mostly seen in the study of different factors of dispersion,and lacks the multi-factor coupling exploration from the perspective of configuration.Therefore,selecting the data and information of CFPS(2018),combining with qualitative comparative analysis methods,the author focuses on“how things happen”,and discusses how regions,families,and individuals make higher education possible.Relevant cases show that“multiple concurrency”and“same destination by different paths”among influencing factors have the characteristics of vertical extension,horizontal compatibility,and intensive cultivation,and external substitution among variable conditions is difficult while it is easy for internal substitution.Strengthening the leading role of core conditions and improving the protection capabilities of marginal conditions,we need to grasp the relationship between the three under new ideas and new methods,and to balance the proportion of educational resources.This is not only a technical prescription for solving old education problems,but also a direction for understanding and coordinating the deep-seated contradictions deposited in society.