乡村产业振兴的农民农村共同富裕效应

The Common Prosperity Effect of Rural Industrial Revitalization

实现农民农村共同富裕面临着农民增收渠道少和持续性差等现实问题,以及城乡收入差距、区域收入差距和农村内部收入差距三大挑战,乡村产业振兴为解决这些问题提供了新思路。使用2011—2020年中国30个省份的面板数据,采用FGLS和PCSE回归方法实证检验了乡村产业振兴对农民农村共同富裕的影响。研究结果表明,加快乡村产业振兴有助于实现农民可支配收入增长和农民三大收入差距缩小兼得的共同富裕效应,这一结论在经过内生性和稳健性检验后依然成立。进一步研究发现,乡村产业振兴对农民工资性收入和经营净收入的促进作用明显大于对转移性收入和财产性收入的促进作用,对缩小城乡收入差距的作用大于对缩小区域收入差距和农村内部收入差距的作用。异质性分析发现,在乡村产业振兴高水平地区,乡村产业振兴可以促进农民可支配收入增长和缩小三大收入差距,即可实现富裕效应和共同效应;在乡村产业振兴低水平地区,乡村产业振兴仅对农民可支配收入增长和城乡收入差距产生显著影响。

As an agricultural country,the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas is a fundamental prerequisite and important component for China to achieve common prosperity for all people,and a historic task in building a socialist modernized strong country.However,in the new stage of development,achieving common prosperity for farmers and rural areas still faces practical problems such as limited channels for increasing farmers’income and poor sustainability,as well as three major challenges:urban-rural income gap,regional income gap,and rural internal income gap.To effectively solve these practical problems and challenges faced by farmers and rural areas for common prosperity,it is necessary to take the revitalization of rural industries as the foundation and adhere to the revitalization of rural industries as the policy breakthrough and focus.To explore whether the revitalization of rural industries can help achieve the common prosperity effect of increasing disposable income of farmers and continuously narrowing the three major income gaps,a social welfare function is constructed based common prosperity index using the per capita disposable income growth of rural residents and the urban-rural income gap,regional income gap,and rural internal income gap.And based on the concept and connotation of rural industrial revitalization and the Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Promoting Rural Industrial Revitalization,a comprehensive evaluation index system for rural industrial revitalization is constructed,which includes three primary indicators:agricultural industry system,agricultural multifunctional system,and agricultural support system.Finally,based on panel data from 30 mainland provinces in China from 2011 to 2020,the impact of rural industrial revitalization on the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas ore tested using FGLS and PCSE regression methods.The research results indicate that accelerating the revitalization of rural industries helps to achieve the common prosperity effect of increasing disposable income for farmers and narrowing the income gap among farmers.This conclusion still holds after endogeneity discussion and robustness testing.Further research has found that the revitalization of rural industries has a significantly greater promoting effect on the wage income and net operating income of farmers than on the transfer income and property income.Its effect on narrowing the urban-rural income gap is greater than that on narrowing the regional income gap and the internal income gap in rural areas.It is found through heterogeneity analysis found that in areas with high levels of rural industrial revitalization,rural industrial revitalization can promote the growth of farmers’disposable income and narrow the three major income gaps,achieving both the prosperity effect and the common effect.In areas with low levels of rural industrial revitalization,rural industrial revitalization only has a significant impact on the growth of disposable income of farmers and the urban-rural income gap.