叶面喷施纳米碳溶胶对盆栽烟苗生长的影响

Effects of Foliar Application of Carbon Nanosol on Growth of Potted Tobacco Seedlings

为了探究纳米碳溶胶在烟草叶面喷施的作用效果,设置0(CK)、10、40、70、100μg/mL 5个质量浓度,研究其对烟草幼苗叶片最大长度和宽度、植株鲜质量、光合作用、质体色素含量、叶片硝酸还原酶活性、根系形态和特性以及氮、磷、钾营养元素吸收的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施40~100μg/mL纳米碳溶胶可以促进烟草叶片长度的伸长,对叶片宽度的扩展几乎无影响;40、70μg/mL纳米碳溶胶处理,叶片地上部分的鲜质量均与CK呈显著差异;随着纳米碳溶胶质量浓度增加,烟苗叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)均呈先增加后降低趋势,40、70μg/mL处理效果较为显著;质体色素叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量呈增加趋势,其中40、100μg/mL处理的质体色素含量均与CK呈显著差异;40、70、100μg/mL处理的硝酸还原酶活性显著高于CK,其中40μg/mL处理达到最大值;喷施40、70μg/mL纳米碳溶胶对烟草根系平均直径、表面积、体积和根尖数增加均具有积极效果;40、70μg/mL纳米碳溶胶可以显著促进烟苗对氮、磷、钾营养元素的吸收。综上,烟草幼苗叶面喷施40~70μg/mL纳米碳溶胶最有利于促进烟草植株生长。

To explore the effects of carbon nanosol on potted tobacco seedlings through foliar application,five mass concentrations[0(CK),10,40,70,and 100μg/mL]were employed in this experiment.Several growth parameters were measured,including the maximum leaf length and width,fresh weight,photosynthesis,plastid pigments,leaf nitrate reductase activity,root morphology and characteristics of tobacco seedlings,as well as the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium nutrients.The results indicated that carbon nanosol promoted the length extension of leaves,but had little effect on the width within the concentration range from 40μg/mL to 100μg/mL.At the concentration of 40μg/mL and 70μg/mL,significant differences in fresh weight were observed in aboveground part between the treated and control groups.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr)and stomatal conductivity(Gs)of tobacco seedlings initially increased and then decreased with the concentration rising of carbon nanosol,with the most significant differences occurring at 40μg/mL and 70μg/mL.The contents of pigment chlorophyll and carotenoid in leaves increased with higher carbon nanosol concentration,and there were significant differences of pigment contents between the 40μg/mL,100μg/mL treatment groups and the control group.The nitrate reductase activity of 40,70,100μg/mL treatments was significantly higher than that of control group,and nitrate reductase activity of 40μg/mL treatment reached the maximum value.Foliar application of 40μg/mL and 70μg/mL carbon nanosol had positive effects on the root average diameter,surface area,volume and tip number.The treatments of 40μg/mL and 70μg/mL significantly promoted the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium nutrients by the seedlings.In conclusion,foliar application of carbon nanosol at concentration of 40—70μg/mL is most beneficial for promoting the growth of potted tobacco seedlings.