使真者的作用域问题

The Scope of Truth-maker

在使真者的作用域问题上,存在极大主义与非极大主义两种观点:前者认为所有真命题都有使真者,即使真者的作用域是全域的;后者主张并非所有真命题都有使真者,即使真者的作用域是受限的。两者的分歧在于是否存在使真者间隙。这一分歧根植于对使真事业的理解,即使真者理论是否具有解释目标。使真者理论的解释目标有如下特征:第一,不是解释“真”,而是解释“真之本体论基础”;第二,具有实在论动机。在解释目标下,极大主义是使真者理论的一个必要假设。

The scope of truth-maker is an important question of truth-maker theories.There are two views concerning this question.One is called“truth-maker maximalism”and the other“truth-maker non-maximalism”.The former holds that all truths have truthmakers,which means that the scope of truth-maker is global;the later holds that not all truths have truth-makers,which means that the scope of truth-maker is limited.There is a divergence between them,that is,whether to admit truth-maker gaps:truths without a truth-maker.This divergence is deeply rooted in the conception of what the truthmaking enterprise is,that is,whether the project of truth-maker theory is to explain truth.The project of explanation has two characters:one is that truth-maker explanation is not about explain“truth itself”,but about explain“the ontological ground of truth”;the other is truth-maker explanation has realistic motivation.Maximalism is a necessary hypothesis for the truth-maker theory when considering the project of explanation.