快掘工作面粉尘治理技术研究与应用

Research and Application of Dust Control Technology inFast Tunneling Working Face

为有效治理工作面粉尘,保证煤矿井下的安全高效生产,以孙家岔龙华煤矿20202回风巷快掘工作面为例,通过分析工作面的产尘特点及粉尘运移分布规律,再针对主要尘源点开展粉尘治理技术研究。结果表明,20202回风巷快掘工作面主要尘源为掘锚机滚筒连续高强度截割和垮落冲击产尘。快掘工作面粉尘随风流进入涡流区,使得高浓度粉尘主要集中于涡流区域内,粉尘浓度超过1000 mg/m^(3),但粉尘在后方扩散范围较小。进而提出了“抑尘、控尘、除尘”有机综合治理粉尘技术体系,研发了长度1.5 m、重量不超过5 kg、能够四周径向出风、前端轴向出风、轴径向调风简便的快接控风除尘装置,机载式负压除尘系统及配套工艺,形成配套的防尘工艺技术及装备。上述综合治理技术在工作面应用后,掘锚机平台工人操作地点降尘效率达88.1%;掘锚机后4~5 m处降尘效率达81.21%,有效实现了工作面的粉尘综合治理。

To effectively control the dust in the working face and ensure the safe and efficient production in the coal mine,taking the fast excavation working face of 20202 return airway in Sunjiacha Longhua Coal Mine as an example,by analyzing the dust production characteristics and dust migration distribution law of the working face,the dust control technology was studied for the main dust source points.The results show that the main dust source of the fast excavation working face of the 20202 return airway is the continuous high-strength cutting and caving impact of the anchor machine drum.The dust in the fully mechanized excavation face enters the eddy current area with the air flow,so that the high concentration dust is mainly concentrated in the eddy current area.The dust concentration exceeds 1000 mg/m^(3),but the dust diffusion range is small in the rear.Furthermore,the organic comprehensive dust control technology system of“dust suppression,dust control and dust removal”was proposed.A fast-connecting air-control dust removal device with a length of 1.5 m,a weight of no more than 5 kg,a radial air outlet around the periphery,an axial air outlet at the front end,and a simple axial and radial air adjustment was developed,and an airborne negative pressure dust removal system and supporting processes were developed to form a supporting dust prevention technology and equipment.After the application of the above comprehensing treatment technology in the working face,the dust reduction efficiency of the workers at the operating site of the driving anchor machine platform reached 88.1%;the dust reduction efficiency at 4-5 m after the bolter is 81.21%,which effectively realizes the comprehensive dust control of the working face.