用于极寒地区的空气透平循环热泵可行性分析

Feasibility Analysis of Air-turbo Cycle Heat Pump for Extremely Cold Regions

南极的气候极端,最低温度可达-80℃,平均低温约为-40℃,为科考人员提供适宜生活环境成为挑战。传统的取暖方式在这种极端环境下存在问题,尤其是蒸气压缩式热泵在-40℃极寒温区下蒸发压力过低,无法正常运行。提出了空气透平循环热泵作为解决方案。该热泵以空气为工质,通过气体压缩和膨胀转移热量,没有相变,不存在蒸发压力低无法运行的情况。并且开式空气循环可以方便的切换为新风模式。研究结果显示,空气透平循环热泵新风系统在-40℃极寒温区制热时,仍然能正常运行并保持1.5以上的COP。空气透平循环热泵的优势包括适应极端低温、可提供新风、采用自然工质不存在环境污染和泄漏问题、系统简单可靠、低维护成本等。

The climate in Antarctica is extreme,with temperatures plunging to-80°C and an average low of around-40°C,posing a significant challenge to providing a suitable living environment for scientific expedition personnel.Traditional heating methods face challenges in such extreme conditions,particularly vapor compression heat pumps experiencing operational issues due to excessively low evaporating pressures at-40°C.This paper proposes the use of an air-turbo cycle heat pump as a solution.This heat pump utilizes air as the working fluid,transferring heat through gas compression and expansion without undergoing phase change,thereby eliminating issues related to low evaporating pressures.And the open air circulation can be easily switched to the fresh air mode.The results show that the air-turbo cycle heat pump fresh air system can still operate normally in the extremely cold temperature zone of-40°C,whose COP is more than 1.5.The advantages of air-turbo cycle heat pump include adapting to extreme low temperature,providing fresh air,using natural working medium without environmental pollution and leakage problems,simple and reliable system,low maintenance cost and so on.