城市客运站点在城市空间结构形成与演化中的作用--以南京市为例

The Role of Urban Passenger Stations in the Formation and Evolution of Urban Spatial Structure:A Case Study of Nanjing

城市客运站点作为城际客流与城市客流的衔接点,既是城市客运体系中的关键节点,也是承载城市功能的重要场所,在城市空间结构的形成演化中具有重要作用。在分析城市客运站点对城市空间结构形成演化的作用机制基础上,以南京江南主城区为例,梳理了百余年来城市主要客运站点的变迁过程,利用POI数据从城市和站区两个层面分析了2007年以来城市空间结构的演化,探讨了客运站点变迁与城市空间结构演化两者之间的关系。研究结果表明,城市客运站点在节点层面上引导了城市拓展方向,并通过增长极效应影响城市空间结构,在场所层面上促进了站区圈层状空间格局的形成;南京城市空间在拓展方向上与主要客运站点的外迁方向一致,客运站运营状态深刻影响站区城市功能演化,客运站建成运营将提升城市功能活跃度,促进商务服务集聚,客运站停运后的再开发方案影响站区城市功能,商业开发将维持站区的活跃度,但功能闲置将降低站区城市功能活跃度。

Urban passenger stations,serving as the linkage between intercity and urban passenger flows,are crucial components of urban transport systems and significant places for urban functions.They play a vital role in the formation and evolution of urban spatial structures.This paper analyzes the mechanisms by which urban passenger stations influence the formation and evolution of urban spatial structures.Using the main urban area of Jiangnan in Nanjing as a case study,it reviews the changes in major urban passenger stations over the past century.By utilizing Point of Interest(POI)data,the study examines the evolution of urban spatial structures from 2007 to the present on both city and station area levels,exploring the relationship between the transformation of passenger stations and urban spatial structure evolution.The findings indicate that urban passenger stations guide the direction of urban expansion at the node level and affect urban spatial structures through the effect of growth pole.At the place level,they promote the formation of concentric spatial patterns in station areas.In Nanjing,the direction of urban expansion aligns with the outward migration of major passenger stations.The operational status of passenger stations profoundly impacts the evolution of urban functions within station areas.The construction and operation of passenger stations enhance urban functional activity and promote the agglomeration of business services.Conversely,redevelopment plans following the cessation of passenger station operations influence urban functions in station areas,with commercial development maintaining activity levels,while functional idleness reducing urban functional activity.