猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒分子检测方法研究进展

Research progress on molecular detection methods of swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus

猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒(swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus,SADS-CoV)是一种新型猪α冠状病毒,可引起5日龄以下仔猪出现剧烈呕吐、腹泻和脱水,并导致高死亡率。早期、精准诊断对科学防控SADS-CoV感染具有重要的现实意义。文章介绍了SADS-CoV分子检测方法研究进展,包括酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)及其衍生技术(多重RT-PCR、荧光定量RT-PCR、多重荧光定量RT-PCR、微滴数字PCR)、核酸等温扩增技术[环介导等温扩增(LAMP)、重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)],对上述检测方法的优缺点进行了总结和讨论,并对SADS-CoV分子检测方法的未来发展方向进行了展望,以期为科学防控SADS-CoV提供参考。

SADS-CoV is an emerging porcine alphacoronavirus that causes severe vomiting,diarrhea,and dehydration in piglets under 5 days old,leading to high mortality rates.Early and accurate diagnosis is of great practical significance for the scientific prevention and control of SADS-CoV infection.This article reviews the research progress on molecular detection methods for SADS-CoV,including ELISA,RT-PCR and its derivative techniques(multiplex RT-PCR,real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR,multiplex real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR,droplet digital PCR),and nucleic acid isothermal amplification technologies(LAMP,RPA).The advantages and disadvantages of these detection methods are summarized and discussed,and the future development direction of SADS-CoV molecular detection methods is prospected,aiming to provide a reference for the scientific prevention and control of SADS-CoV.