民国新疆高等法学教育史料钩沉

Rediscovering the Historical Materials of Higher Legal Education in Xinjiang during the Period of the Republic of China(1912-1949)

新疆的高等法学教育始自1924年的俄文法政专门学校,1936年至1947年基本是停滞的状态。1948年,《新疆日报》刊载《监察使署建议新疆学院设法政学系》的消息,《东南日报》转载《新疆日报》《新疆学院下学期将增设法政系,本年度不在外省招收新生》的消息。以上述报刊史料切入展开分析,文章指出1948年是新疆高等法学教育百年历程中长期为人忽略的一个重要时间节点。一方面,民国新疆高等法学教育在长达十年的停滞后重新起步,其艰难曲折可见一斑;另一方面,作为一个重要剖面,1948年的新疆高等法学教育反映了近代化转型下监察权对司法、教育的影响及中央与地方政府权力运作的交互关系,呈现出特定时代与区域的特色。

The higher legal education in Xinjiang began with the Xinjiang Russian Law and Politics School in 1924,and was basically stagnant from 1936 to 1947.In 1948,Xinjiang Daily carried the news that"the Office of the Supervisor suggests that Xinjiang College should set up a Department of Law and Politics",and Tungnan Daily News reprinted a report of Xinjiang Daily saying that"Xinjiang College will add a Department of Law and Politics next semester,and will not admit new students from other provinces this year".Based on the analysis of the historical materials of the above newspapers,this paper points out that the year of 1948 is an important time node that has long been neglected in the century-long history of higher legal education in Xinjiang.On the one hand,after a decade-long stagnation,higher legal education in Xinjiang during the period of the Republic of China(1912-1949)started anew,and its difficulties and twists are evident;on the other hand,as an important profile,higher legal education in Xinjiang in 1948 reflected the influence of the supervisory power on the justice and education under the transformation of modernization as well as the interaction between the power operation of the central government and that of the local government,presenting the characteristics of a specific era and region.