论清人何焯考据苏诗的学术价值及其疏误

Research on the Academic Value and Error in He Zhuo's Textual Study of Su's Poems

何焯为清初文史评点和考据大家,他对苏轼诗歌的评点学术水准颇高,在《瀛奎律髓》评点本和清人冯应榴所注的《苏文忠公诗合注》中皆有抄录,但总体上散佚严重。国家图书馆藏有过录何焯评语的《施注苏诗》一种,保存何焯评点650余条,弥足珍贵。然该评点本保存有两种不同评语,稍不留意就会产生混淆,此外该本的收藏和过录亦有多处未明之处。在厘清何焯评点流传的基础上,综合考查何焯现存评点,可较为全面地了解何焯以评点为考据的评点特色。何焯在对苏诗的事典和语典的考据方面多有超迈前贤之处,这与他精熟文史与努力探赜苏诗本意的考据理念密切相关。但是何焯在考据中亦有一些疏误,利用时需多加辨析。

He Zhuo was a literary and historical critic in the early Qing Dynasty.His academic level of Su Shi's poetry criticism was quite high,which was transcribed in Ying Kui Lv Sui's commentary and Feng Yingliu's annotation of Su Wenzhong's Poetry Annotation,but on the whole it was lost seriously.The National Library of China has a kind of Shi Zhu Su Shi,which recorded He Zhuo's commentaries.More than 650 of his commentaries are preserved,which are extremely precious.However,there are two different comments in this review book,which may cause confusion if you are not careful.In addition,there are many unclear points in the collection and recording of this review book.On the basis of clarifying the spread of He Zhuo's comments and comprehensively examining his existing comments,we can gain a more comprehensive understanding of He Zhuo's comments characteristics based on his comments.He Zhuo had excelled in the textual research of Su Poetry,which was closely related to his mastery of literary history and his efforts to explore the textual research idea of Su Poetry's original meaning.But He Zhuo also had some scanty errors in the examination,which should be studied more carefully when using it.