基于D-loop序列的从江田鱼与野生鲤形态和遗传差异分析

Analysis ofmorphological and genetic differences between CongjiangCyprinus carpio and wild carp based on D-loop sequence

利用形态学测量方法和D-loop序列分析了解从江田鱼与都柳江野生鲤的形态和遗传差异分析。结果显示,体长/体宽特征存在极显著差异,野生鲤独有17个单倍型,其核苷酸多样性(Pi)和单倍型多样性(Hd)较从江田鱼更高。野生鲤与从江田鱼的Fst值达到了0.15以上有较高的遗传分化。单倍型网络图显示,从江田鱼和野生鲤存在明显的遗传分化。分子方差(AMOVA)分析表明,从江田鱼群体的主要的遗传变异来自于群体内部个体间(80.66%)。基因流分析表明从江田鱼群体间基因交流水平不高但与野生鲤基因交流较频繁。研究表明,从江田鱼可能来源于野生鲤,其地理分布相对独立且有特定养殖模式,但受到自然和人工选择,其种群遗传多样性降低,种质资源存在退化风险需要保护。

The morphological measurement methods and D-loop sequence were analyzed to understand the morphological and genetic differences between Congjiang Cyprinus carpio and Duliujiang wild carp.The results showed a significant difference in body length/width characteristics,and wild carp had only 17 haplotypes,with higher nucleotide diversity(Pi)and haplotype diversity(Hd)compared to wild carp.There was high genetic differentiation between wild carp and Congjiang C.carpio with Fst values above 0.15.The haplotype network diagram showed significant genetic differentiation between Congjiang C.carpio and wild carp.Molecular variance analysis(AMOVA)showed that the primary genetic variation in the Congjiang C.carpio population was within the population(80.66%).Gene flow analysis showed that the level of gene exchange between fish populations in Congjiang C.carpio was not high,but gene exchange with wild carp was more frequent.Research has shown that Congjiang C.carpio might originate from wild carp,with a relatively independent geographical distribution and specific breeding patterns.However,due to natural and artificial selection,its population′s genetic diversity is reduced,and there is a risk of germplasm degradation that needs to be protected.