资产专用性对家庭农场土地经营权流转契约选择的影响

Impact of asset specificity on the choice of land tenure transfer contracts for family farms

【目的】家庭农场要实现“规模化、集约化、专业化”农地经营,必须以租金较低、租期较长、集中连片以及契约稳定的土地为前提。探究家庭农场土地经营权流转契约选择的影响因素,能够对提高家庭农场土地经营权稳定性以及促进家庭农场可持续发展提供参考。【方法】本研究基于湖南省520个家庭农场的微观数据,运用似不相关回归模型验证了资产专用性对家庭农场土地经营权流转契约选择的影响。【结果】1)物质资产专用性、人力资本专用性和场地专用性对家庭农场土地经营权流转契约形式选择呈现显著正相关,社会资本专用性对家庭农场土地经营权流转契约形式选择呈显著负相关;2)物质资产专用性、人力资本专用性与场地专用性对家庭农场土地经营权转入契约期限选择有显著正向影响,社会资本专用性对家庭农场土地经营权流转契约期限选择呈显著负相关;3)物质资产专用性、人力资本专用性、场地专用性对家庭农场土地经营权流转契约租金存在显著正向影响;社会资本专用性对家庭农场土地经营权流转契约租金存在显著负向影响。【结论】综合运用似不相关模型对资产专用性与家庭农场土地经营权流转契约选择进行分析,为促进家庭农场的土地经营权流转稳定性和健康可持续发展提供了科学依据。

【Objective】In order for family farms to achieve “scale,intensification,and specialization” in land management,it is necessary to have land with low rent,long lease terms,concentrated and contiguous plots,and stable contracts.Exploring the factors influencing the choice of land tenure transfer contracts for family farms can provide references for improving the stability of family farm land tenure and promoting sustainable development.【Method】Based on microdata from 520 family farms in Hunan province,this study uses seemingly unrelated regression models to verify the impact of asset specificity on the choice of land tenure transfer contracts for family farms.【Result】1) Physical asset specificity,human capital specificity,and site specificity were significantly positively correlated with the choice of land tenure transfer contract forms for family farms,while social capital specificity was significantly negatively correlated.2) Physical asset specificity,human capital specificity,and site specificity had a significant positive impact on the choice of lease term for family farms’ land tenure transfer contracts,while social capital specificity was significantly negatively correlated.3) Physical asset specificity,human capital specificity,and site specificity had a significant positive impact on the lease rent of family farm land tenure transfer contracts,while social capital specificity had a significant negative impact.【Conclusion】By comprehensively applying seemingly unrelated models to analyze the relationship between asset specificity and the choice of land tenure transfer contracts for family farms,this study provides a scientific basis for promoting the stability and healthy sustainable development of land tenure transfer for family farms.