内蒙古城市癌症早诊早治项目高风险人群特征及其影响因素分析

Analysis of the Characteristics of High-Risk Groups and Their Influencing Factors in Urban Cancer Screening Program in Inner Mongolia

[目的]分析内蒙古城市癌症早诊早治项目风险评估资料,探讨5种常见癌症(肺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、食管癌和肝癌)高风险人群特征及其影响因素。[方法]使用国家癌症中心的风险评估系统评估5种常见癌症高风险人群。组间高风险率比较采用卡方检验,趋势分析采用线性趋势性检验。使用多因素多元Logistic回归模型分析单癌种和多癌种高风险人群的影响因素。[结果]2017—2018年共对69740名城市居民进行了危险因素调查和风险评估,其中25179人被评估为5种常见癌症高风险人群,高风险率为36.10%,男性和女性高风险率分别为33.97%和37.93%。肺癌高风险率最高(22.77%),其次是结直肠癌(19.74%),肝癌高风险率最低(16.00%)。单癌种和多癌种高风险影响因素分析发现,危险因素聚焦于性别、年龄、民族、不良生活方式、非正常体质指数和癌症家族史,保护因素聚焦于良好的婚姻状态、较高学历、脑力劳动为主的职业、合理的膳食结构和健康生活方式。[结论]通过癌症风险评估,锁定高风险人群,明确影响因素,为制定防控策略提供数据依据,可有效降低内蒙古癌症高风险人群发病风险。

[Purpose]To analyze the characteristics of high-risk individuals of five common cancers(lung cancer,colorectal cancer,gastric cancer,esophagus cancer and liver cancer)identified in urban cancer screening program in Inner Mongolia.[Methods]High-risk individuals for 5 common cancers were identified using the National Cancer Center risk assessment system during the screening among urban residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Comparisons of high-risk rates between groups were performed using the Chi-squared test,and trend analyses were performed using the linear trend test.Influencing factors for the single-cancer and multi-cancer highrisk groups were analyzed using multivariate Logistic regression models.[Results]A total of 69740 urban residents participated in the screening program and assessed for risk factors,among whom 25179 were identified as high risk individuals for five common cancers,with an overall high risk rate of 36.10%(33.97%for males and 37.93%for females).The high-risk rate of lung cancer was the highest(22.77%)followed by that of colorectal cancer(19.74%),and the high-risk rate of liver cancer was the lowest(16.00%).The multivariate Logistic regression revealed that the sex,age,ethnicity,poor lifestyle,abnormal body mass index and family history of cancer were significantly associated with the risk of cancers,while the the good marital status,higher education,intellectual occupation,good dietary structure and healthy lifestyle were protective factors.[Conclusion]Through cancer risk assessment,high-risk groups will be targeted to facilitate cancer screening program more efficient,data will be provided for the formulation of prevention and cortrol strategies,and the risk of cancer incidence among high-risk groups in Inner Mongolia will be effectively reduced.