轻巧⁃承力⁃功能一体化超结构:概念、设计及应用

Ultralight,Compact,and Load⁃Bearing Multifunctional Metastructures:Concept,Design and Applications

高端装备在极端环境下的适应性和机动性是国防安全的核心保障,具有重要战略意义.提高主承载结构的轻量化水平与功能性,是推动高端装备升级换代的关键环节.高端装备在多场耦合极端环境下工作,对主承载构件的轻量化和多功能性提出了严苛要求.现有装备的承力结构与功能(减振降噪、抗弹防爆、冲击吸能、散热隔热、吸波等)分离,造成结构和重量冗余,性能难以提升.因此,亟需开发轻巧-承力-功能一体化超结构,推进高端装备的升级换代.该文首次提出轻巧-承力-功能一体化超结构的概念并给出了明确的定义,然后结合实际工程应用需求对多种超结构的设计方案开展综述,最后对超结构未来的发展方向进行了展望.

The adaptability and mobility of high-end equipment in extreme war environments guarantee national defense security and are of great strategic significance.To advance the upgrading of such equipment,a key step is to improve the lightweight level and functionality of the main load-bearing structures.The high-end equipment working under the extreme coupled multi-field environment puts forward high demands on lightweight and mul-tifunctionality of the main load-bearing components.The separation of load-bearing structures and functional components(e.g.,vibration and noise reduction,bullet and explosion resistance,impact energy absorption,heat dissipation,and wave absorption parts,etc.)in existing equipment,results in structure and weight redun-dancy,making it difficult to further improve the operational performances.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop ultralight,compact,load-bearing,and multifunctional metastructures.Herein,the concept of ultra-light,compact,and load-bearing metastructures was proposed for the first time and a clear definition was giv-en.A series of design schemes for prototype metastructures were summarized in combination with practical en-gineering application requirements.Future development directions of metastructures are also envisioned.