贵州安顺小革章村口述历史与屯堡文化遗产涵盖内容探讨

Guizhou Anshun Xiaogezhang Village’s Oral Histories andDiscussion on the Scope of Tunpu Cultural Heritage

贵州安顺平坝区乐平乡小革章杨氏苗族村,保存了有关其祖先来源的口述历史,与附近的屯堡汉族似乎存在关联,可说是有关“卫所-屯田”的珍贵历史资料。小革章村村民既视自身为苗族,也相信带有汉族血统。文章通过实地走访调查,以村民口述的方式,力求探究在汉、苗身份之间游走的小革章村反映出的缺乏文字记录的族群或借汉族的历史记忆来承载自身历史,共同组成历史文献中原来看不到的屯堡历史面貌,以及当下屯堡文化遗产似可考虑吸收这种独特的族群相互依存的关系。

A Miao-ethnicity village at Pingba Xiaogezhang in modern-day Anshun city,Guizhou province preserves oral ancestral histories in relation to the Tunpu-Han communities nearby.The oral stories,precious as they are,may contextualize in the wider Weisuo-tuntian system implemented centuries ago.Xiaogezhang villagers are ethnically Miao people,but they also identify themselves as Han people.Our fieldwork and interviews explore how the Xiaogezhang villagers position themselves between the two ethnic identities.It has occurred that some ethnic groups,who have not the practice of preserving written records,may rest ancestral memories on the written narrative of the Han group.Tunpu histories have not preserved this set of social bonding,which may be included in what is now identified as the Tunpu Cultural Heritage.