高强度吸气肌抗阻训练对支气管扩张患者气道黏液分泌及运动耐力的影响研究

Study on the Influence of High Intensity Inspiratory Muscle Resistance Training on Airway Mucus Secretion and Exercise Endurance of Patients with Bronchiectasis

目的:探究高强度吸气肌抗阻训练对支气管扩张患者气道黏液分泌及运动耐力的影响。方法:将2021年3月—2023年3月福建省漳州市医院的100例支气管扩张患者根据随机数字表法分为两组,每组50例。对照组进行常规支气管扩张治疗干预,观察组则在对照组的基础上进行高强度吸气肌抗阻训练。比较两组的总有效率、干预前后的排痰量、气道黏液分泌指标(痰液干/湿重及黏度)、运动耐力[6分钟步行试验(6MWT)及心率(HR)]及生存质量[圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ问卷)]。结果:观察组的支气管扩张治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),干预前两组的排痰量、气道黏液分泌指标、运动耐力指标及SGRQ问卷评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预3 d、1周后观察组的排痰量均显著多于对照组,干预2周后的排痰量显著少于对照组,干预1周及2周观察组的气道黏液分泌指标均显著低于对照组,6MWT均显著长于对照组,HR及SGRQ问卷评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:高强度吸气肌抗阻训练在支气管扩张患者中的应用效果较好,且可显著改善患者的气道黏液分泌及运动耐力状态,因此在支气管扩张患者中的应用价值相对更高。

Objective:To investigate the influence of high intensity inspiratory muscle resistance training on airway mucus secretion and exercise endurance of patients with bronchiectasis.Method:A total of 100 patients with bronchiectasis in Zhangzhou Hospital of Fujian Province from March 2021 to March 2023 were divided into two groups with 50 cases in each group according to the method of random number table.The control group was treated with routine treatment and intervention for bronchiectasis,the observation group was treated with high intensity inspiratory muscle resistance training on the treatment and intervention of control group.Then the total effective rates,sputum excretion volume,airway mucus secretion indexes(dry/wet weight and viscosity of sputum),exercise endurance[6-minute walk test(6MWT)and heart rate(HR)]and life quality[St George's respiratory questionnaire(SGRQ questionnaire)]before and after the intervention of two groups were compared.Result:The total effective rate for bronchiectasis of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05),the sputum excretion volume,airway mucus secretion indexes,exercise endurance and SGRQ questionnaire of two groups before the intervention were compared,the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05),the sputum excretion volume of observation group at third day and first week after the intervention were significantly more than those of control group,the sputum excretion volume of observation group at second week after the intervention was significantly less than that of control group,after 1 week and 2 weeks of intervention,the airway mucus secretion indexes were significantly lower than those of control group,the 6MWT of observation group at first and second week after the intervention were significantly longer than those of control group,the HR and SGRQ questionnaire were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application effect of high intensity inspiratory muscle resistance training in patients with bronchiectasis is better,it can significantly improve the airway mucus secretion and exercise endurance of patients,so its application value in the patients with bronchiectasis is relatively higher.