早期营养与系统化护理对鼻咽癌放疗患者营养状态的影响

Effect of Early Nutrition and Systematic Nursing on Nutritional Status of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma undergoing Radiotherapy

目的:分析早期营养护理结合系统化护理对接受放疗的鼻咽癌患者口腔黏膜反应、营养状态的影响。方法:选择2021年3月—2023年4月于厦门大学附属中山医院肿瘤放疗科进行放疗的鼻咽癌患者90例作为本次研究对象,随机分为两组,各45例。对照组进行常规护理,观察组在此基础上联用早期营养护理和系统化护理。记录比较两组口腔黏膜反应分级、营养指标、睡眠质量、满意度评分、免疫功能指标。结果:观察组0、1级口腔黏膜反应发生率高于对照组,2级口腔黏膜反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,观察组前白蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白、白细胞计数、单核细胞、中性粒细胞和满意度评分均较高于对照组,观察组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:早期营养护理和系统化护理用于放疗鼻咽癌患者能减轻口腔黏膜损伤,提升营养状态,改善睡眠质量和免疫功能。

Objective:To analyze the effects of early nutrition nursing combined with systematic nursing on oral mucosal reaction and nutritional status of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma received radiotherapy.Method:A total of 90 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received radiotherapy in Department of Tumor Radiotherapy,Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University from March 2021 to April 2023 were selected as the subjects of this study and randomly divided into two groups,45 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received early nutrition nursing and systematic nursing on this basis.The oral mucosal reaction grade,nutrition indexes,sleep quality,satisfaction scores and immune function indexes were recorded and compared between two groups.Result:The rates grade 0 and 1 of oral mucosal reaction were higher than those of control group,and the rate grade 2 of oral mucosal reaction was lower than that of control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,white blood cell count,mcyte,nrophils and satisfaction scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Early nutritional nursing and systematic nursing for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy can reduce oral mucosal damage,improve nutritional status,improve sleep quality and immune function.