北方寒冷地区温度场作用下公路路表形变规律分析

Road deformation characteristics under the action of temperature field in cold regions of North China

为了更加具体、深入地理解寒区道路,研究其病害发生、发展规律,提高对道路结构在时间和空间上的认知,开展了北方寒冷地区路表形变规律的研究。通过选取典型公路路段,建立10个监测段落,对路基的冻胀、融沉变形持续进行现场高程监测。分析温度场作用下路表形变特征和响应机制,分析公路在自然条件下的时域形变特点、动态形变特征及差异性。分析周期监测数据,构建竖向相对形变、竖向相对形变速率、横断面间形变速率最大倍数等参数,比较不同段落、不同横断面和监测点间的形变及其差异。研究北方寒冷地区路表形变与温度场协调规律,结果表明:北方寒冷地区基于温度场的路表形变具有典型的周期特性。对比分析填、挖方路段纵横方向形变的差异特征,形变极值分布规律,以及结合热胀、冻胀、融沉阶段的相对形变规律及形变速率差异特点,结果发现:挖方路段形变速率是填方路段的10余倍;8月份至10月份的热胀速率大于10月份至11月份的热胀速率;融沉主要发生在3月份至5月份;而冻胀速率较为稳定,对于填方路段,11月份至次年1月份的冻胀大于1月份至2月份的冻胀,而挖方路段则相反。给出了寒冷地区路表形变的温度场时域响应规律、特点,为开展寒区路基、路面结构和材料研究,以及道路病害等研究提供了依据。

In order to facilitate road engineering personnel to have a more specific and in-depth understanding of roads in cold regions,and to help researchers study the occurrence and development laws of road diseases,and to improve their understanding of the temporal and spatial conditions of road structures,the researchers have conducted research on the deformation laws of road surfaces in cold northern regions.The researchers selected typical highway sections and established 10 monitoring sections to continuously monitor the on-site elevation of roadbed frost heave and thaw settlement deformation.The authors analyze the deformation characteristics and response mechanisms of road surfaces under the influence of temperature fields,and analyze the time-domain deformation characteristics,dynamic deformation characteristics,and differences of highways under natural conditions.By analyzing periodic monitoring data,the researchers constructed parameters such as vertical relative deformation,vertical relative deformation rate,and maximum multiple of deformation rate between cross-sections.They used these parameters to compare the deformation and differences between different sections,cross-sections,and monitoring points.The researchers have provided the coordination law between road surface deformation and temperature field in cold northern regions.The researchs results confirm that the road surface deformation based on temperature field in cold northern regions has typical periodic characteristics.At the same time,through comparative research,the researchers have discovered the differences in deformation characteristics in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the filling and excavation sections,the distribution pattern of deformation extremes,as well as the relative deformation patterns and deformation rate differences during the thermal expansion,frost heave,and thaw settlement stages.The researchers have found that the deformation rate of excavated sections is more than 10 times that of filled sections,and the thermal expansion rate from August to October is greater than that from October to November.The researchers analyzed the melting rate at different times and found that melting mainly occurred from March to May.The authors analyzed that the rate of frost heave is relatively stable,and also found that for fill sections,the frost heave from November to January is greater than that from January to February,while the opposite is true for excavation sections.The authors summarized the time-domain response laws and characteristics of temperature field for road surface deformation in cold regions,providing a basis for research on roadbed,pavement structure and materials,as well as road diseases in cold regions.