功能语篇分析视角下的诗歌汉译研究——以周建新和江枫对狄金森“I Never Saw a Moor”一诗的翻译为例

A Translation Study of Poetry from the Perspective of Functional Discourse Analysis:Take Zhou Jianxin's and Jiang Feng's Chinese Translation of Emily Dickinson's I Never Saw a Moor as an Example

功能语篇分析(Functional Discourse Analysis)以韩礼德的系统功能语法(Systemic Functional Grammar)为基础,广泛地应用于诗歌翻译研究。从系统功能语法三大元功能(即概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能)以及语域理论入手,分析美国女诗人艾米莉·狄金森的“I Never Saw a Moor”一诗,并探究周建新和江枫两种汉译文与原文的“元功能对等”情况。分析表明,功能语篇分析应用于分析诗歌及其译文,可以为狄金森诗歌翻译研究提供一个较为客观的视角,并得出结论:周建新的译文贴切、自然,反映原文风貌,更注重“译味”;江枫的译文简洁、流畅,传递原文语义,基本实现“译意”。

Functional discourse analysis is based on Halliday's systemic functional grammar,which is widely used in poetry translation research.Starting with Halliday's meta-function(i.e.,ideational function,interpersonal function,and textual function)and register theory,this paper intends to analyze I Never Saw a Moor by American poetess Emily Dickinson,and explore the"meta-functional equivalence"between Zhou Jiaxin and Jiang Feng's Chinese translations and the original texts.The analysis shows that the application of functional discourse analysis in analyzing poetry and its translations can provide a more objective perspective for the study of Dickinson's poetry translation,and it is concluded that Zhou Jianxin's translation is appropriate and natural,reflects the style of the original text and pays more attention to"translating underlying meaning"while Jiang Feng's translation is concise and fluent,conveys the meaning of the original text and realizes the"translating meaning".