高职院校心理育人工作的困境与对策探析

Analysis of the Dilemmas and Countermeasures in Psychological Education in Vocational Colleges

随着经济社会快速发展,尤其是在全球化、数字化、网络化的趋势下,学生成长环境不断变化,面临着多元化的压力源,其心理呈现复杂性、差异性、多变性特点,学生的心理健康问题也更为凸显,这让高校心理育人工作面临着极大的困难与挑战。高职生群体的心理发展既有大学生的普遍特点,也存在其特殊性。当前,高职院校心理育人工作虽然取得了一些成效,但仍存在心理健康教育模式和方法单一,基础设施不完备、师资力量薄弱,心理育人的主体缺乏全员性,心理健康教育以补救性教育为主、发展性心理健康教育欠缺等问题。针对高职心理健康教育的改革与发展应采取加强基础设施与心理教师队伍建设,探索高职心理健康教育特色模式,加快推动心理健康教育向心理健康服务转变等对策。

With the rapid development of the economy and society,particularly un⁃der the trends of globalization,digitalization,and networking,students’growth environ⁃ments are continuously changing,exposing them to diverse sources of pressure.This has resulted in complex,varied,and dynamic psychological characteristics,making students’mental health issues more pronounced.These factors pose significant challenges and dif⁃ficulties for psychological education in colleges.The psychological development of higher vocational college students has both general characteristics common to university stu⁃dents and specific traits of its own.Although there have been some achievements in psy⁃chological education within vocational colleges,several issues persist,including the sin⁃gularity of psychological health education models and methods,incomplete infrastruc⁃ture,weak faculty,lack of comprehensive involvement in psychological education,and a focus on remedial rather than developmental psychological health education.To address the reform and development of psychological health education in vocational colleges,it is essential to strengthen infrastructure and faculty development,explore characteristic models of psychological health education tailored to vocational colleges,and accelerate the shift from psychological health education to psychological health services.