加氢裂化高温高压耐磨球阀设计及其性能研究

Design and Performance Study of High Temperature and High PressureWear-resistant Ball Valve for Hydrocracking

针对沸腾床渣油加氢裂化工艺存在温度和压力交变的特点,设计了一种加氢裂化装置高温高压耐磨球阀。首先阐述其整体设计理论,充分考虑该球阀的密封、启闭性能及制造工艺的要求,与常规的大口径硬密封球阀整体结构进行了对比;其次基于该球阀的结构特点,将其中腔密封结构和阀座密封结构与常规硬密封球阀密封结构进行了对比及原理分析,并对该球阀的重要零部件进行设计计算与校核,证明了阀门结构设计的合理性;最后采用有限元法对整体温度场及密封副受力进行了分析,确定支架的温度,以确保该球阀执行机构的正常运行。通过对该球阀的研究,其性能具有全通径、流量大、流阻小、结构简单、密封可靠、不易卡塞、开关灵活和维修方便等优点,为促进加氢裂化装置高效、经济、长期运行提供保障。

Aiming at the characteristics of alternating temperature and pressure in the hydrocracking process of fluidized bed residue,a high temperature and high pressure wear-resistant ball valve for hydrocracking unit was designed.Firstly,the overall design theory is expounded,and the sealing,opening and closing performance and manufacturing process requirements of the ball valve are fully considered.The overall structure of the ball valve is compared with that of the conventional large-diameter hard-sealed ball valve.Secondly,based on the structural characteristics of the ball valve,the cavity sealing structure and the seat sealing structure are compared with the conventional hard sealing ball valve sealing structure,and the principle analysis is carried out.The important parts of the ball valve are designed,calculated and checked,which proves the rationality of the valve structure design.Finally,the finite element method is used to analyze the overall temperature field and the force of the sealing pair,and the temperature of the support is determined to ensure the normal operation of the ball valve actuator.Through the study of the ball valve,its performance has the advantages of full diameter,large flow,small flow resistance,simple structure,reliable sealing,not easy to jam,flexible switching and convenient maintenance,which provides a guarantee for promoting the efficient,economical and long-term operation of hydrocracking unit.