从“厌军厌战”到“反帝反战”——黑岛传治反战文学思想形成及流变

From"Military-weariness and War-weariness"to"Anti-imperialism and Anti-war":The Formation and Evolution of Denji Kuroshima's Anti-war Literary Thought

黑岛传治是日本最著名的无产阶级反战文学作家,其代表作《武装的街巷》是日本近代反战文学的里程碑。黑岛传治在“西伯利亚作品群”中表达了以个人经验为基础的“厌军厌战”情绪;在《反战文学论》和《入伍的青年应该做些什么》这两篇檄文中指出无产阶级反战文学的性质和特征以及无产阶级士兵的革命任务;在以《武装的街巷》为代表的“中国作品群”中,黑岛传治揭露了日本帝国主义战争的残酷性和反动性,将反战与阶级斗争联系在一起,呼吁中日两国无产阶级联合起来,通过暴力革命推翻资本主义制度,从根源上杜绝帝国主义战争发生的可能性。黑岛传治的文学完全有别于以抒发个人情绪为目的的小资产阶级的“厌战文学”,是革命的战斗的无产阶级“反战文学”。

Denji Kuroshima was one of the most famous proletarian anti-war writers in Japan,and his representative work The Armed Street is a milestone in modern Japanese anti-war literature.In his Siberian Works,Kuroshima expressed a"Militaryweary and War-weary"sentiment based on his personal experience.In his polemical writings On Anti-war Literature and What Should the Enlisted Youth Do,he pointed out the nature and characteristics of proletarian anti-war literature as well as the revolutionary tasks of proletarian soldiers.In his works on China represented by The Armed Street,Kuroshima exposed the cruelty and reactionary nature of Japanese imperialist wars,linking anti-war with class struggle,and called for the unity of the proletariat of China and Japan to overthrow the capitalist system through violent revolution,thus fundamentally eliminating the possibility of the occurrence of imperialist wars.Kuroshima's literature is completely different from the petty bourgeoisie's warweary literature simply expressing personal feelings and emotions.Instead,his literature can be regarded as the revolutionary and combative"anti-war literature"of the proletariat.