国外青少年体育健康促进政策的演进历程、实践样态与镜鉴启示

Evolution,Practice Pattern and Inspiration of Foreign Youth Sports Health Promotion Policy

青少年体育健康促进政策是提升青少年体质健康、实现健康中国、体育强国等国家战略目标的重要保障。该研究运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对美国、加拿大、日本等3个国家青少年体育健康促进政策的演进历程和实践样态进行梳理,分析了我国青少年体育健康促进政策的现实困境,以期为提高新发展阶段我国青少年体育健康促进政策效益提供经验启示。研究表明:国外青少年体育健康促进政策经历从初步概念化到逐步规范化、再到稳步坚实化三个阶段,呈现出政府主导、多方合作、目标精准、体系完备和重视公平等特点。针对现阶段我国青少年体育健康促进政策制定与执行的衔接性、协同性、精准性和公平性等问题,未来青少年体育健康促进政策制定需坚持以问题为导向,重视青少年体育健康促进政策设计的全面性;以需求为指引,加强青少年体育健康促进政策内容的精准性;以实践为依托,关注青少年体育健康促进政策反馈的及时性;以协同为手段,丰富青少年体育健康促进政策执行的多元性。

Youth sports health promotion policy is an important guarantee to improve the physical health of youth and realize the national strategic goals of healthy China and a strong sports country.Using the literature and logical analysis methods,this study comprehends the evolution and practice patterns of youth sport health promotion policies in the United States,Canada and Japan,and analyzes the practical difficulties of China′s youth sport health promotion policies,in order to provide experience and inspiration for improving the effectiveness of China′s youth sport health promotion policies in the new development stage.The study shows that the youth sports health promotion policy in foreign countries has gone through three stages from initial conceptualization to gradual standardization and then to steady solidification,presenting the characteristics of government-led,multi-party cooperation,precise goals,complete system and emphasis on fairness.In view of the problems of cohesion,coordination,accuracy and equity in the formulation and implementation of youth sports health promotion policies in China at this stage,the future formulation of youth sports health promotion policies should be carried out from the following aspects:adhere to the problem-oriented and pay attention to the comprehensiveness of the design of youth sports health promotion policies;take the demand as the guide to strengthen the accuracy of the content of the youth sports health promotion policy;based on practice and pay attention to the timeliness of the feedback of youth sports health promotion policy;enrich the diversity of the implementation of youth sports health promotion policies by means of coordination.