布鲁氏菌病实验室诊断研究进展

Advances in laboratory diagnostic studies of brucellosis

布鲁氏菌病是一种具有多种临床表现的人畜共患病,由于临床表现多样且缺乏特异性症状和体征,因此实验室诊断对该疾病的确诊、治疗至关重要。布鲁氏菌的传统实验室检测可分为培养、鉴定、血清学试验。核酸检测法是近年来新兴起的检测手段,可快速准确诊断布鲁氏菌病并对布鲁氏菌进行分型,多种分子诊断技术已在科研领域应用于布鲁氏菌的检测。本文将对目前国内外布鲁氏菌实验室检测方法的最新进展及应用进行阐述并比较其优缺点,为布鲁氏菌病的诊断及治疗提供更全面的指导。

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with multiple clinical presentations.Due to the variety of clinical presentations and the lack of specific symptoms,laboratory diagnosis is essential to confirm the di⁃agnosis and treatment of the disease.The traditional laboratory tests for Brucella can be divided into culture,identification,and serological tests.Nucleic acid amplification tests are a new development that has emerged in recent years and a variety of molecular diagnostic techniques have been applied to the detection of Brucella.In this paper,we will describe the most common and updated laboratory testing methods for Brucella and com⁃pare their advantages and disadvantages to provide a more comprehensive guide for the diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis.