压载水生物检测技术概述

Overview of Detection Techniques for Organisms in Ballast Water

为减少由船舶压载水和沉积物转移导致的有害水生物和病原微生物传播,更好地保护海洋生态系统,国际海事组织发布了《国际船舶压载水和沉积物控制与管理公约》,对压载水经过处理后应达到的排放标准进行了规定。本文对检测压载水是否达到排放标准的生物检测技术进行了总结归纳,对各种检测技术的优缺点进行分析,对未来应当加强研究的方向进行了展望,旨在为海关系统制定监管标准、推荐检测方法、促进技术创新与科研发展提供参考。

To mitigate the risk of spreading harmful aquatic organisms and pathogenic microorganisms resulting from the transfer of ship ballast water and sediments,and to safeguard marine ecosystems,the International Maritime Organization(IMO)has issued the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’Ballast Water and Sediments,which outlines discharge standards for treated ballast water.This article summarizes and categorizes biological testing techniques used to verify compliance with these discharge standards.It analyzes the strengths and limitations of various detection methods and offers insights into future research directions.The goal is to provide reference for customs authorities in establishing regulatory standards,recommending testing methodologies,and promoting technological innovation and scientific research.