地铁大坡度道岔车辆通过性能影响因素仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Factors Influencing Vehicle Passing Performance through Large-slope Metro Turnouts

[目的]在地铁实际建设中,经常会由于规划建设、节约用地或地形、地物限制等原因,需要将道岔铺设在大坡道地段上。在实际使用过程中发现,大坡度道岔结构存在列车运行的平稳性及舒适性较差等问题,故必须研究大坡度地铁道岔车辆通过性能的影响因素。[方法]基于多体动力学理论,采用仿真分析软件,以铺设在30‰坡度上的9号道岔为研究对象,建立了车辆-道岔多体耦合动力学模型,通过对不同行车速度及不同摩擦因数下单体车辆通过大坡度道岔的动力学性能指标(包括轮轨相互作用、安全性指标、平稳性指标等)进行对比,分析了不同因素对大坡度地铁道岔车辆通过性能的影响。[结果及结论]通过仿真研究发现:行车速度对轮轨相互作用、平稳性指标和安全性指标的影响与车辆过岔时的坡度方向无关,车辆上下坡过岔时,行车速度对各项动力学指标的影响趋势一致,但下坡时行车速度对其影响较大;车辆上下坡过岔时,摩擦因数对轮轨动态相互作用及车体横向加速度影响较大,随着摩擦因数增加,轮轨相互作用力降低,车体垂向加速度无明显变化,横向加速度有较大幅度增加,且下坡时影响较大。为此,应在下坡时采取一定的加强和防护措施。

[Objective]In the actual metro construction,it is often necessary to lay turnouts on large-slope sections due to planning and construction constraints,land conservation or topographical limitations.However,it is found through practical application that the large-slope turnout structure leads to poor train stability and ride comfort during operation,thus an investigation on the factors influencing vehicle passing performance through large-slope metro turnouts is required.[Method]Based on multi-body dynamics theory,using simulation analysis software and taking the No.9 turnout installed on a 30‰slope as research object,a coupled vehicle-turnout multi-body dynamics model is established.The dynamics performance indicators(including wheel-rail interaction,safety indicators,and stability indicators)of single vehicle passing through large-slope turnout at different operating speeds and friction coefficients are compared,aiming to analyze the impact of various factors on the vehicle passing performance through large-slope metro turnouts.[Result&Conclusion]It is revealed through simulation research that the impact of operating speed on wheel-rail interaction,stability indicators,and safety indicators is independent of the slope direction during vehicle passing turnouts.When a vehicle passes through turnouts on uphill and downhill slopes,the influence trends of operating speed on the dynamics indicators are consistent,with a more significant impact when going downhill;the friction coefficient greatly affects the wheel-rail dynamic interaction and the vehicle lateral acceleration.As the friction coefficient increases,the wheel-rail interaction force decreases,the carbody vertical acceleration shows no significant change,and the lateral acceleration increases significantly,with a more pronounced effect when going downhill.Therefore,certain strengthening and protective measures should be taken when vehicle going downhill.