地铁工程防淹体系构建与创新设备应用

Flood Prevention System Construction and Innovative Equipment Application in Metro Engineering

[目的]近年来,由于极端暴雨天气引发城市内涝,导致地铁工程遭受水淹灾害的案例屡见不鲜,由此带来严重的经济损失和人员伤亡。研究科学合理的防水倒灌措施,构建系统有效的防淹体系是十分必要的。然而,目前国内外对地下空间的研究主要集中在对内涝灾害的预测以及风险评估,尚未形成系统完备的防淹体系。此外,地铁工程广泛采用的防水倒灌措施,如在出入口处设置一定高度的台阶和反坡或配备可插入的防淹挡板和沙袋,存在需人员长期值守、使用不便捷、响应不及时等问题。[方法]通过调研,以“防为主,排为辅”为原则,从地铁车站、区间隧道、车辆基地、联动机制、防灾预案以及设计标准提升等方面,总结出一套较为完备的地铁工程防淹体系。[结果及结论]针对现有防水倒灌措施的不足,提出一种智能防淹装备,能够实现出入管理、现场手动控制、现场自动防淹、远程控制、应急手动控制以及安全辅助等功能,可以用于地铁新建车站、既有车站改造、地下车库、地下商场等场景,以保证人员的生命和财产安全。

[Objective]In recent years,extreme rainfall weather frequently causes urban flooding,leading to many cases of metro engineering project water disasters,significant economic losses and personnel casualties.It is essential to develop scientifically sound anti-backflow measures and construct an effective flood prevention system.However,current research on underground spaces both in China and worldwide primarily focuses on forecasting and risk assessment of flooding disasters,failing to form a comprehensive flood prevention system.Moreover,commonly used anti-backflow measures in metro engineering,such as setting steps and reverse-slopes at metro entrance or equipping with removable flood prevention barriers and sandbags,have drawbacks including the need for long-term personnel monitoring,inconvenient use,and delayed response.[Method]Through investigation,adhering to the principle of′prevention as the mainstay and drainage as the supplement′,a comprehensive flood prevention system for metro engineering is summarized,covering aspects of metro stations,interval tunnels,vehicle depots,coordination mechanisms,disaster prevention plans,and design standard improvements.[Result&Conclusion]Addressing the shortcomings of existing anti-backflow measures,an intelligent flood prevention equipment is proposed.This equipment can manage access,provide on-site manual control,on-site automatic flood prevention,remote control,emergency manual control,and safety assistance.It can be applied to new metro stations,existing station renovations,underground garages,underground shopping malls,ensuring the safety of personnel and property.