阅读史视野下的宋代士人与读书——以黄庭坚为中心的考察

Scholars and Reading in the Song Dynasty from the Perspective of Reading History:A Study Centered on Huang Tingjian

读者与文本的交流,除了形成文学作品的意义,阅读文本往往也成为一种创造性的转换,读书诗就是此类典范,但一般论者往往忽视其史料价值。北宋承五代之乱,社会秩序以及道德伦常受到严重破坏,知识分子为了重建社会秩序以及道德伦常,因而也产生一股自我理性反省的时代思潮。这一时期,由于科举规模与内容的扩大、书籍出版的技术革新,加之“诗从书中来”的风气渐盛,读书诗由此兴起。在阅读史的视野下,尝试通过对黄庭坚及其读书诗的研究,借以探察宋代士人关于阅读的各类活动,并兼而论述读书诗的史料价值及其意义。

The interaction between readers and texts not only shapes the literary meaning of the works but often also leads to a creative transformation.This is particularly exemplified by poetry with the theme of reading.However,the value of these poems as historical documents is often overlooked.Northern Song intellectuals,aiming to rebuild the social order and moral norms which were severely disrupted in the chaos of the Five Dynasties period,fostered a trend of rational,self-reflective thinking.During this period,the expansion of the imperial examination,the innovations in book publishing technology,and the growing trend of“poetry comes from books”contributed to the rise of poetry with the theme of reading.This article,from the perspective of reading history,attempts to investigate various reading activities of Song dynasty scholars,and discuss the value and significance of poetry with the theme of reading as historical documents,through a study of Huang Tingjian and his poems on reading.